Swaveda
Indian history, plainly written.
A short daily post on Indian history — archaeology, genetics, historical linguistics, and the texts. Plus side-by-side translations of public-domain primary works. Plain language; no chest-thumping in either direction.
Plain language
Aimed at any curious reader, not the seminar room. Sanskrit / Pali / Tamil terms get a gloss on first use.
Tradition ≠ evidence
“The Mahabharata describes…” and “the Mahabharata war happened in…” are different sentences, and we don’t silently merge them.
Readers can edit
Sign in to send a correction or addition. If it holds up, it changes the article and credits you. If it’s contested, it’s preserved as a reader note.
Latest articles
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The Glass of Pattanam: What Chemical Fingerprinting of Monochrome Beads Reveals About Early Indo-Roman Maritime Trade Logistics
Chemical and typological analyses of Indo-Pacific monochrome glass beads from Pattanam, Kerala, provide physical evidence of local South Indian manufacturing using imported raw material from the Roman world.
Rohan Bhattacharya · Aug 20, 2026
The Denarii of Karur: What Roman Aurei and Drachmae Reveal About Chera Port Networks
An analysis of Roman gold and silver coin hoards along the Amaravathi riverbed, contrasting archaeological find-spots with descriptions of Yavanas in Sangam literature.
Rohan Bhattacharya · Aug 19, 2026
The Hearth of Kunal: What Micromorphology in Trench KNL-1 Reveals About Early Harappan Fuel Sourcing
A microscopic analysis of archaeological soil layers at Kunal, Haryana, reveals how early settlers shifted from firewood to structured dung-cakes, mapping the domestic transition to urban Harappan life.
Rohan Bhattacharya · Aug 18, 2026
The Steppe in the Sutras: What Xiongnu Tomb Chronology Reveals About India's Early Nomadic Contacts
New archaeological dating of Xiongnu tombs in Mongolia clarifies the timeline of Central Asian migrations, aligning the rise of steppe empires with the arrival of Saka and Kushan groups in ancient India.
Vikram Joshi · Aug 18, 2026
The Carnelian of Sanur: What Micro-Wear Patterns on Iron Age Beads Reveal About Southern Deccan Craft Specialization
A re-examination of micro-drilling wear on carnelian and quartz beads from Sanur, Tamil Nadu, challenges the model of household production, pointing to specialized regional workshops during the South Indian Iron Age.
Rohan Bhattacharya · Aug 17, 2026
Recent translations
All texts →Sanskrit
Arthashastra
Chapter 150 · Book 15, Chapter 1: Paragraphical Divisions of This Treatise
Updated Jul 26, 2026
Sanskrit
Arthashastra
Chapter 149 · Book 14, Chapter 4: Remedies against the Injuries of One's Own Army
Updated Jul 26, 2026
Sanskrit
Arthashastra
Chapter 148 · Book 14, Chapter 3: The Application of Medicines and Mantras
Updated Jul 26, 2026
A note on tone
Swaveda is curious, careful, and dry. There’s no civilizational chest-thumping in either direction here — no “Vedic India invented everything,” no “everything came from outside.” If we get something wrong, tell us. We fix it visibly, with a dated note.