Swaveda

Thirteen Principal Upanishads · Chapter 8

Īśā Upaniṣad

Translated by Robert Ernest Hume (1921, *The Thirteen Principal Upanishads*, public domain), 1921. Public domain.

  1. 1.1

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    By the Lord (isa) enveloped must this all be — Whatever moving thing there is in the moving world. With this renounced, thou mayest enjoy.

  2. 1.2

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    Even while doing deeds here,

  3. 1.3

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    Devilish (asurya*} are those worlds called,3 With blind darkness (tamas) covered o'er! Unto them, on deceasing, go

  4. 1.4

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    Unmoving, the One (ekam) is swifter than the mind.

  5. 1.5

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    The whole stanza is a variation of Brih. 4. 4. n.

  6. 1.6

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    So Com. But apas may refer, cosmogonically, to ' the [primeval] waters/

  7. 1.7

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    In whom all beings

  8. 1.8

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    He has environed. The bright, the bodiless, the scatheless, The sinewless, the pure (suddha), unpierced by evil (a-papa-

  9. 1.9

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    Into blind daikness enter they That worship ignorance ,

  10. 1.10

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    Other, indeed, they say, than knowledge! Other, they say, than non-knowledge1 5 — Thus we have heard fiom the wise (dhira) Who to us have explained It,6

  11. 1.11

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    Knowledge and non-knowledge —

  12. 1.12

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    Into blind darkness enter they

  13. 1.13

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    Other, indeed — they say — than origin (sambkava)\ Other — they say — than non-origin (a-samlkava] \ — Thus have we heard from the wise

  14. 1.14

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    Becoming (sambhuti) and destruction (w,iasa)

  15. 1.15

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    With a golden vessel2

  16. 1.17

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    [My] breath (vayu) to the Immortal wind (anila)^ This body then ends in ashes ! Om \

Commentary

Eighteen verses; the shortest of the principal Upaniṣads. Forms the final chapter of the Vājasaneyī (White Yajurveda) Saṃhitā. The opening verse — 'enveloped by the Lord must be all this' — is foundational to Vedānta. 16 verses parsed from Hume's 1921 translation. Refs are section.verse where section tracks the Upanishad's internal subdivisions (adhyāya / brāhmaṇa / khaṇḍa / vallī / praśna / muṇḍaka, depending on the text). Hume's translation is rigorously literal; modern accessible translations (Olivelle 1998) are cited but not reproduced.